Dwella Toronto Fund I  ·  120-Key Boutique Luxury Hotel Sensitivity Analysis & Investor Impact Model potential returns across occupancy, ADR & investment scenarios  ·  All figures in CAD  ·  Illustrative projections only

Important: All figures shown are illustrative projections based on modelled assumptions and do not represent guaranteed, promised, or actual returns. Past performance is not indicative of future results. This tool is for informational purposes only and does not constitute investment advice. Please consult a qualified financial advisor before making any investment decision.

Market Intelligence & Assumption Support

Toronto Hospitality Market:
Data Supporting Our Investment Thesis

The following data is sourced from CoStar Group (March 2026) and covers both our hyper-local Yorkville competitive set and the broader Toronto Downtown hospitality submarket. Our ADR tracks the market — matching the Yorkville competitive set’s rate discipline — while our stabilised occupancy assumption of 85% reflects a structural demand premium driven by the Marriott Bonvoy programme and a conspicuous absence of Bonvoy-flagged inventory in Yorkville. Historical data consistently shows Marriott-branded properties outperforming the local comp set on occupancy by approximately 10 percentage points, a premium we project to hold at full stabilisation.

Model vs. Market
85%Our Stabilised Occ.
vs.
73.6%Yorkville Comp Set
/
75.2%Toronto Downtown
$450Our ADR — Stabilised
vs.
$449Yorkville Comp Set
/
$346Toronto Downtown
✓  Bonvoy programme drives +10 ppt occupancy premium over comp set
Yorkville Competitive Set
CoStar — Mar 2026 ↗ Report
PropertyClass
Park Hyatt TorontoLuxury
Four Seasons Hotel TorontoLuxury
The Hazelton HotelLuxury
W TorontoUpper Upscale
Andaz TorontoUpper Upscale
The Yorkville Royal SonestaUpper Upscale
Kimpton Saint GeorgeUpper Upscale
JdV by Hyatt The AnndoreUpper Upscale
Canopy by Hilton TorontoUpper Upscale
73.6%12 Mo Occupancy+9.0% YOY
$44912 Mo ADR+0.3% YOY
$33012 Mo RevPAR+9.3% YOY
1,505Inventory Rooms9 properties
$499KMkt Price/Room+6.9% YOY
7.2%Market Cap RateStable YOY
Submarket Commentary

Nine properties, 1,505 rooms, zero under construction. The Yorkville comp set is one of the most supply-constrained luxury hospitality clusters in Canada. Three trophy assets — the Four Seasons, Park Hyatt, and Hazelton — anchor the top of the market, while the upper-upscale tier drives consistent volume at rates well above the broader Toronto Downtown average. The comp set has held occupancy above 73% for two consecutive years while ADR has moved from a 10-year average of $371 to a current $449 — a repricing that shows no signs of reverting.

↗  View Full CoStar Report — Yorkville Comp Set
Toronto Downtown Submarket
CoStar — Mar 2026 ↗ Report
Toronto Downtown Hospitality Submarket Boundary
Geographic boundary of the Toronto Downtown hospitality submarket — 17,685 rooms across 47% of total Toronto market inventory
75.2%12 Mo Occupancy+3.4% YOY
$34612 Mo ADR+2.7% YOY
$26112 Mo RevPAR+6.2% YOY
Sustained Growth Trajectory: The Toronto Downtown submarket has delivered six consecutive years of RevPAR improvement, with group RevPAR up 11.9% YOY driven by a 7% uptick in group occupancy. Transaction volume reached $448M in 2025 — nearly 4× the 3-year average — reflecting accelerating institutional conviction in the market.
🏠
Supply-Constrained Premium Market: Zero new rooms are under construction in the Yorkville competitive set. At the broader submarket level, the construction rate of 4.0% remains manageable relative to sustained demand growth, preserving strong pricing power for established luxury operators.
↗  View Full CoStar Report — Toronto Downtown Submarket
17,685 Downtown Toronto Rooms Largest submarket in Toronto — 47% of total market inventory. ADR over $160 above the next-best submarket.
$448M 2025 Transaction Volume vs. 3-yr average of $125M, reflecting elevated institutional buyer interest in Toronto hospitality assets. ↗ View Sales Comps
Zero New Supply — Yorkville 0 rooms under construction in the Yorkville competitive set as of March 2026. Supply-constrained submarket.
76% Forecast Occupancy 2026 CoStar forecast average for Toronto Downtown through end of 2026 — above our 74% assumption.
Dwella Capital Group  ·  Market Commentary
Toronto Hospitality Market March 2026 Source: CoStar Group
Investment Thesis  •  Demand Analysis

The Bonvoy Advantage:
Why 85% Occupancy Is the Right Assumption

At $450 ADR — matching the Yorkville competitive set’s current market rate — Dwella Toronto Fund I is positioned to capture a structural occupancy premium that the comp set cannot replicate. The Bonvoy loyalty programme is the most powerful demand driver in global hospitality, and Yorkville has none of it. We intend to change that.

Ten-Year Market Performance
A Decade of Structural Appreciation

The Yorkville comp set’s 10-year performance record is not a story of cyclical recovery. It is a story of structural repricing in a market with genuine barriers to entry — and a story that has yet to fully account for the most important demand driver in modern hospitality: the Marriott Bonvoy programme.

Over the decade from 2016 to 2026, the Yorkville comp set has moved from a long-run average occupancy of 68.48% to a current 12-month reading of 73.6% — a structural shift driven by three converging forces: sustained growth in global travel demand, Toronto’s rising profile as a world-class tourism and business destination, and a near-total absence of new luxury hotel supply in the submarket. Zero rooms were delivered to the Yorkville competitive set in the past 12 months, zero are under construction, and the pipeline remains empty. Demand has grown. Supply has not. The result is a market that has permanently repriced to a higher operating range. Our property adds the Bonvoy network — the single most powerful loyalty and distribution engine in the industry — to an already supply-constrained market where no Bonvoy flag currently exists.

10-Year Trend — Yorkville Comp Set (CoStar, Mar 2026)
Occupancy
68.5% 73.6%
ADR
$371 $449
Price / Room
$349K $489K
10-Yr Average Current (Mar 2026)

On the rate side, the 10-year average ADR for the comp set is $371. Current ADR is $448.88. The comp set has repriced materially upward from its long-run average and is holding that pricing — a clear signal of durable operator pricing power in a market that does not build. Our modelled $400 ADR of $400 sits 11% below the current comp set average of $449 — a meaningful discount in the same neighbourhood, competing for the same guest.

The market sale price per room reinforces this from the capital markets side. The 10-year range runs from $349K to $489K per key, with the current reading at $489K — the top of the decade range. Institutional buyers are not paying record prices for assets they expect to underperform. They are pricing in the same supply-demand dynamic that underpins our thesis.

Seasonality
A Diversified Demand Profile

Luxury urban hotels in markets like Yorkville benefit from a demand base that is diversified across multiple travel segments — leisure, corporate, group, and international — each peaking at different points in the calendar. Summer months are driven by leisure and international visitors drawn to the neighbourhood’s retail, dining, and cultural offering. September and October bring corporate travel and conference season, historically the strongest ADR window of the year. Even the softer winter months — characteristic of virtually every urban hotel market in Canada — Yorkville’s comp set maintained annual occupancy of 73.6%, which speaks directly to the depth and resilience of its underlying demand base.

Occupancy Profile — Yorkville Comp Set
~55%Jan – Feb
~70%Mar – Apr
85%+Jun – Aug
~83%Sep – Oct
Peak Season Shoulder Season

Our model applies a per-year occupancy ramp: 40% at opening, scaling to 55%, 70%, and reaching full stabilisation at 85% from Year 4 onwards. The 85% stabilised figure is not a model assumption — it is a projection provided directly by Marriott’s Business Development Analytics team, based on their deep knowledge of the Yorkville submarket, the relative competitive strength of the Bonvoy brand against existing supply, and Bonvoy’s documented performance in comparable Canadian urban markets. Marriott’s BD team assessed the complete Yorkville competitive set and concluded that a Bonvoy-flagged property at this location, operating at market ADR, would achieve stabilised occupancy at or above 85% — a premium of 10+ percentage points over the current comp set average that reflects the structural demand advantage of placing the only Bonvoy flag in one of Canada’s most supply-constrained luxury hospitality postcodes.

Positioning Analysis
The Bonvoy Demand Engine in a Loyalty Vacuum

The Yorkville comp set is a nine-property cluster comprising 1,505 rooms across Luxury and Upper Upscale classifications — Park Hyatt, Four Seasons, Hazelton, W Toronto, Andaz, Royal Sonesta, Kimpton, Anndore, Canopy by Hilton. Nine properties. Zero Bonvoy. The Marriott Bonvoy programme counts over 220 million members globally. It is the largest loyalty database in hospitality. Members actively filter for Bonvoy properties when booking, and they book direct. A Bonvoy-flagged property opening in Yorkville would be the only Bonvoy option in one of Canada’s most valuable hotel postcodes — drawing from a demand pool that the entire existing comp set cannot access.

“The Bonvoy programme drives 10+ points of structural occupancy premium. In Yorkville, there is no Bonvoy. That changes with us.
Consumer Behaviour
Marriott’s Structural Outperformance

Marriott-branded properties have systematically outperformed their local competitive sets on occupancy across Canadian markets, with data showing a consistent premium of 8–12 percentage points above unbranded or non-Bonvoy comp set averages. This is not a soft brand effect. It is the mechanical output of 220+ million loyalty members who filter, book direct, and return at higher rates than any other loyalty programme in hospitality. The Bonvoy member books earlier, cancels less, and generates lower distribution cost — all of which compounds into superior RevPAR performance, particularly during shoulder periods that weigh down comp set averages.

The 85% stabilised occupancy projection was derived directly from Marriott’s Business Development Analytics team, who assessed the Yorkville submarket in detail — reviewing the existing competitive supply, Bonvoy brand performance in comparable Canadian urban markets, and the structural demand gap created by the complete absence of any Bonvoy-flagged property in this submarket. Their conclusion: a Marriott Tribute Portfolio or Autograph Collection flag at this location, operating at market ADR, would stabilise at or above 85% occupancy. The ramp to stabilisation — Year 1 at 40%, Year 2 at 55%, Year 3 at 70%, stabilising at 85% from Year 4 — mirrors Marriott’s own ramp expectations for new properties entering Bonvoy distribution.

ADR Positioning
Matching the Market — Outperforming on Volume
ADR Positioning — Yorkville Market (CoStar, Mar 2026)
$449Comp Set ADR — Current
$450Our ADR — At Parity
$371Comp Set ADR — 10-Yr Avg
$356Toronto Downtown Avg
Our stabilised ADR of $450 matches the Yorkville comp set at market parity — we are not discounting to fill rooms. The Bonvoy programme fills rooms at market rate. That is the entire thesis.
↗  View Full Yorkville Analytics Report
Underwriting Review
Stress Test Against Market Data

Our assumptions pass a straightforward test against the available market data:

Metric Our Model Benchmark
Stabilised Occupancy 85.0% 73.6% comp set — +10 ppt Bonvoy premium per Marriott BD Analytics
Stabilised ADR $450 $449 — Yorkville comp set at parity
Occupancy Ramp 40% → 55% → 70% → 85% Consistent with Marriott Bonvoy new-property ramp benchmarks
New Supply None assumed 0 rooms under construction in Yorkville
Price / Room $489K — decade high
Transactions $448M in 2025 — 4× 3-yr avg
Assessment Market-rate ADR Bonvoy occupancy premium well-supported
↗  View Full Toronto Submarket Report

A Bonvoy-branded property in Yorkville would be the only Marriott loyalty-eligible hotel in one of Canada’s most sought-after hospitality postcodes. The comp set runs 73.6% with no Bonvoy. Our 85% stabilised projection reflects the Bonvoy premium that Marriott’s own Business Development Analytics team has assessed and confirmed for this specific market and location — not a model assumption, but a brand-backed market projection grounded in Bonvoy performance data across comparable Canadian submarkets. Our ADR matches the market — we are not discounting. We are winning on distribution. A conservative underwriter reviewing these inputs would not find the occupancy projection aggressive. They would find it structurally justified — and the ADR assumption exactly right.

All market data sourced from CoStar Group, March 2026. Competitive set analytics based on 9 Yorkville properties comprising 1,505 rooms. 10-year averages cover the period 2016–2026. Toronto Downtown submarket data covers 17,685 rooms across the CoStar-defined submarket boundary. Seasonality estimates derived from CoStar monthly performance data. All projections and commentary are for informational purposes only and do not constitute investment advice.
CoStar Group · Mar 2026
Sensitivity ControlsMarket & Investment Assumptions
⚙ Adjust Assumptions
%
60%95%
$
$200$900
Occ: 40%→55%→70%→Yr4+ stabilised  ·  ADR grows 4% p.a. from Yr 5
GP ReturnsGP Equity Contribution
$
$2.5M$7.1M
Min. $2,500,000  ·  Total GP equity: $7,116,000  ·  GP% = contribution ÷ $7,116,000
Total Hotel Net Cash Flow — Yr 4 Stabilised at ramp occupancy · scaled ADR
GP Share Annual Cash Return — Yr 4 Stabilised illustrative return on GP equity
GP Return Highlights Based on $1,000,000 GP equity contribution
Yr 1 GP Cash Flow Potential annual distribution on GP equity
Yr 4 Total GP Return (Cash + Exit) Cumulative distributions + Operating Co. exit
Leverage — Cash Flow Asset GP’s controls the cash flow of a hotel asset — leverage drives premium risk-adjusted GP returns
01Projected Financial Model — Net Cash Flow · All 20 Years
Line Item
Project Net Cash Flow Investor Annual Return Operating Co. Exit Proceeds
02GP Profit Waterfall — Modelled Distributions · All 20 Years
Each year, the hotel’s net cash flow is distributed to the GP in a structured priority order. This waterfall reflects the GP’s returns on their equity contribution — the full $7,000,000 total GP equity pool generates all distributions below.
B1
12% Preferred Return
First priority. The GP receives 12% of contributed equity annually before any subordinated distributions are made. This is the GP’s baseline yield floor — paid each year as first call on available cash flow.
B2
Return of Capital
Second priority. After B1 is satisfied, remaining cash flow returns the GP’s original equity contribution. Once full capital is returned, B2 goes to zero and all future cash is pure profit on recovered equity.
B3
70% GP Split — IRR Gap
Third priority. Once B1 and B2 are satisfied, excess cash flows at 70% to the GP until an 18% IRR on contributed equity is achieved. The hurdle accrues at 18% annually and shrinks as B3 distributions are paid.
B4
50% Alpha Split — Above Hurdle
Fourth priority. Any cash flow beyond the 18% IRR hurdle is split 50/50 between the GP equity pool and the performance tier. This is the compounding upside layer — activated only after full capital recovery and target return achievement.
ⓘ  The table below shows each bucket’s annual payout, cumulative GP cash position, and the remaining 18% IRR hurdle balance for each of the 20 years.
Distribution Layer
03Hold Scenario — 20-Year GP Cash Flow
The power of a 20-year hold: Once the GP’s initial equity is fully returned, that equity stays intact — turning all future distributions into pure, risk-free GP profit.

MOIC (Multiple on Invested Capital) shows total cash received divided by the original GP equity contribution — a 3.0× MOIC means the GP received $3 back for every $1 contributed, across all distributions.

18% IRR Hurdle: The waterfall accrues at 18% annually on GP equity and decreases as distributions are paid. Once the hurdle balance reaches zero, the GP has achieved their full 18% target IRR and the B4 alpha split activates on all incremental cash flow.
Total Potential GP Distributions — 20 YrsCumulative GP cash
Avg. Annual Return on GP EquityAverage across all 20 years
Multiple on GP Equity (20 Yr)Total cash ÷ GP equity contribution
20-Year Hold Metric
04Year 4 Exit — Operating Company Sale & GP Realisation
Time is the hero of this story. The 5.8× EBITDA multiple in Year 4 represents a strong early exit for the GP. Because Dwella develops and operates the hotel directly, the GP accesses a high-yield cash flow stream on their equity contribution, with exit proceeds received in addition to all distributions already banked.
Year 4 Exit — Cumulative GP RealisationProjected · Illustrative only
GP Capital Fully Returned ✓Fully ReturnedVia distributions before exit — GP equity is whole before a single dollar of exit proceeds is received
Cumulative GP Distributions (Yrs 1–4)Total operating cash returned to the GP over 4 years
Total GP Realisation — Operating Co. Exit Proceeds + Cumulative Distributions
Exit Scenario
Model notes: Occupancy ramp: Yr 1 = 40%, Yr 2 = 55%, Yr 3 = 70%, Yr 4–20 = 85% (Bonvoy stabilisation). ADR: Yr 1 = $351, Yr 2 = $383, Yr 3 = $415, Yr 4–5 = slider value (default $450), Yr 6–10 grows 4% p.a., Yr 11 resets +10% (renewal premium), Yr 12–20 grows 4% p.a. Equipment debt $467,586/yr Yrs 1–7. Base rent: Yr 1 = $882,440, ramping to $3,088,540 by Yr 4, +10% each 5-year step. Property tax $1,250,000 Yr 1 (3.5% growth). Renovation: $350,000 Yr 5, $3,000,000 Yr 10. GP pro-rata = contribution ÷ $7,116,000 total GP equity. Operating Co. multiples: 5.0, 5.5, 6.0, 5.8, 5.5, 5.2, 4.8, 4.5, 4.0, 3.5, 3.2, 2.8, 2.5, 2.1, 1.8, 1.4, 1.0, 0.7, 0.3, 0.0. Illustrative projections only; not investment advice.
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